Strictly control blood pressure:
The prevalence of hypertension in type 2 diabetes is 20%-40%, which is 1.5-2 times higher than that in non-diabetic patients. As diabetes progresses, blood pressure continues to rise, with over 60% of diabetes patients over 60 years old suffering from varying degrees of hypertension.
Both hypertension and diabetes are risk factors for each other’s development and progression. Diabetes-related hypertension is far more harmful to the heart, brain, kidneys, and other large blood vessels than simple diabetes or hypertension alone.
If the blood pressure level of diabetes patients with hypertension is controlled below 130/80 mmHg, the risk of cardiovascular disease death can be greatly reduced.
Some studies have found that strict control of blood sugar can reduce the risk of cardiovascular complications by 12%, while strict control of blood pressure can reduce it by 24%. This indicates that the significance of strict blood pressure control is at least equivalent to controlling blood sugar. Therefore, while strictly controlling blood sugar, blood pressure must also be strictly controlled.
Strategies To control blood pressure
To control blood pressure for individuals with diabetes, it is essential to adopt a comprehensive approach that includes lifestyle modifications, medication adherence, and regular monitoring. Here are some key strategies:
- Dietary Adjustments: Follow a heart-healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. Reduce sodium intake to less than 2,300 milligrams a day, as high sodium can raise blood pressure.
- Regular Physical Activity: Engage in at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity, such as brisk walking, each week. Incorporate strength training exercises at least two days a week.
- Weight Management: Maintain a healthy weight. Even a small weight loss can have a significant impact on blood pressure.
- Limit Alcohol and Avoid Tobacco: Alcohol can raise blood pressure, so it should be consumed in moderation, if at all. Smoking is harmful to both blood pressure and overall cardiovascular health.
- Medication Adherence: Take prescribed blood pressure medications as directed. It’s important to work closely with a healthcare provider to adjust dosages as needed.
- Regular Monitoring: Check blood pressure regularly and keep a log to share with healthcare providers. This helps in tracking progress and making necessary adjustments.
- Stress Management: Practice stress-reducing techniques such as deep breathing, meditation, or yoga to help manage stress, which can impact blood pressure.
By integrating these strategies, individuals with diabetes can effectively manage their blood pressure, reducing the risk of complications associated with both conditions.
