Risk factors for coronary heart disease:
- Age and gender: Men have a 23-fold higher risk of developing coronary heart disease than women. Before the age of 50, the male-to-female ratio of coronary heart disease is approximately 7:1. After menopause, the number of women with coronary heart disease gradually increases, and by the age of 60, the male and female prevalence rates are roughly equal.
- Diabetes: People with diabetes have a higher risk of developing coronary heart disease. Although controlling diabetes cannot completely reduce the risk of atherosclerosis, treating diabetes still helps prevent other complications of coronary heart disease.
- Hypertension: Hypertension is one of the most serious risk factors for coronary heart disease. Hypertension can lead to vascular wall damage, thereby promoting the occurrence of atherosclerosis. Increasing evidence shows that treating hypertension can reduce the risk of developing coronary heart disease.
- Lack of physical activity: Although the relationship between lack of physical activity and atherosclerosis is not yet clear, there is ample evidence that physical activity has physiological and psychological benefits for the human body, helping to enhance resistance. Lack of physical activity may increase the risk of coronary heart disease, while those engaged in higher levels of physical activity have a lower risk. Therefore, physical activity has a protective effect against coronary heart disease prevention.
- Family history: People with a family history of premature coronary heart disease (onset before the age of 50) have a significantly increased risk of developing coronary heart disease.
In addition, factors such as obesity, high blood lipids, high weight, high sugar, and metal trace elements are also related to the incidence of coronary heart disease. Comprehensive control of these risk factors is of great significance for preventing and reducing the occurrence of coronary heart disease.
