How to conduct self-monitoring and detect cerebrovascular diseases early

Detect cerebrovascular diseases early

Self-monitoring for cerebrovascular diseases is crucial, especially for high-risk populations. Pay close attention to the following situations and seek medical attention promptly.

1.Neurasthenia:

Early symptoms of cerebral arteriosclerosis, mainly manifesting as headaches, dizziness, tinnitus, drowsiness, a sensation of tightness and compression in the head, memory loss, and fatigue.

2.Emotional abnormalities:

Early onset of irritability and lack of self-control. As the disease progresses, expressions become apathetic, and lack of enthusiasm for familiar friends and surroundings occurs. Patients may become easily excited, sometimes experiencing unnecessary sadness or laughter. Work performance may fluctuate between negativity and enthusiasm.

3.Poor judgment:

Initially characterized by an inability to concentrate for extended periods, reduced imagination, indecisiveness in problem-solving, and a need for assistance from others in handling sudden situations. Individuals may also exhibit alarm and worry when faced with unexpected occurrences.

4.Autonomic dysfunction:

Manifested by a positive skin scratch test (reddening and swelling of the skin after being scratched), cold hands and feet, sweating throughout the body and locally, premature graying and balding of hair.

5.Abnormal movements:

In the middle and late stages of cerebral arteriosclerosis, patients may experience unsteadiness while walking and turning, characterized by stiff, slow, or unstable gait.

6.Epileptic spasms:

Mainly manifested by paroxysmal, spasmodic convulsions in certain parts of the body, sometimes accompanied by symptoms of Parkinson’s disease, such as increased voluntary movement and tremors. Facial expressions are lacking, speech is low and hurried, standing posture is bent, limbs are stiff with slightly bent joints, and walking is erratic and unsteady. In severe cases, paralysis and coma may occur due to cerebral arteriosclerosis bleeding or cerebral thrombosis formation.

Self-monitoring

Self-monitoring plays a crucial role in the prevention of cerebrovascular diseases, which include conditions such as stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA). Here are some key ways to monitor your health to help prevent these conditions:

1. Blood Pressure Monitoring: High blood pressure is a major risk factor for cerebrovascular diseases. Regularly check your blood pressure at home using a validated blood pressure monitor. Aim to keep your blood pressure below 120/80 mmHg. If your readings are consistently high, consult your healthcare provider for appropriate management.
2. Blood Glucose Monitoring: If you have diabetes, monitoring your blood sugar levels is essential. High blood sugar can damage blood vessels, increasing the risk of stroke. Use a glucometer to check your blood glucose levels as recommended by your doctor. Aim to maintain levels within the target range advised by your healthcare provider.
3. Cholesterol Level Monitoring: High levels of LDL (bad) cholesterol can contribute to the buildup of plaque in your arteries, which can lead to cerebrovascular events. Regularly check your cholesterol levels and work with your doctor to manage them through diet, exercise, and medication if necessary.
4. Weight Monitoring: Maintaining a healthy weight is important as obesity is linked to an increased risk of stroke. Regularly weigh yourself and use body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference measurements to assess your weight status. Aim for a BMI between 18.5 and 24.9.
5. Physical Activity Monitoring: Regular physical activity can help reduce the risk of stroke. Monitor your daily activity levels using a fitness tracker or by keeping a log of your exercise. Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity exercise per week.
6. Dietary Monitoring: A healthy diet is crucial for preventing cerebrovascular diseases. Monitor your intake of saturated and trans fats, sodium, and added sugars, and aim to increase your consumption of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. Consider keeping a food diary to track your eating habits.
7. Smoking and Alcohol Consumption Monitoring: Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption are significant risk factors for stroke. Monitor your smoking habits and aim to quit if you smoke. Limit your alcohol intake to no more than one drink per day for women and two drinks per day for men.
8. Stress and Sleep Monitoring: Chronic stress and poor sleep can contribute to health issues that increase stroke risk. Monitor your stress levels and practice stress-reducing activities such as meditation or yoga. Ensure you are getting 7-9 hours of quality sleep per night.

By regularly monitoring these aspects of your health, you can take proactive steps to reduce your risk of cerebrovascular diseases such as stroke. It’s important to share your findings with your healthcare provider, who can offer personalized advice and support.