Significance of blood rheology examination:
Blood rheology examination includes various indicators such as whole blood viscosity, reduced whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, red blood cell electrophoresis time, platelet electrophoresis time, fibrinogen determination, sedimentation rate, and red blood cell deformability.
It mainly reflects the changes in blood flowability, sluggishness, and viscosity due to changes in blood components. Under normal circumstances, blood flows in vessels under the action of external force (blood pressure) and changes with changes in vessel characteristics (such as wall condition and shape of the vessel) and blood components (viscosity), maintaining normal circulation. When blood viscosity increases, blood flowability decreases, making it most prone to thrombotic diseases. Conversely, when viscosity is smaller, flowability is better.
Hemorheological abnormalities are the common basis for hemorrhagic cerebrovascular diseases and ischemic cerebrovascular diseases. Long-term hypertension damages the intima of the arterial wall, and once the pressure inside the artery suddenly rises and exceeds the tolerance of the vascular wall, it will lead to rupture and hemorrhage.
On the other hand, increased blood lipid, increased blood viscosity, slow blood flow, reduced deformability of red blood cells, and the participation of various factors such as platelets and fibrinogen make it easy to form infarction. Therefore, hemorheological abnormalities can lead to bilateral transformation. Hemorrhage and infarction are two different development results under the same etiology, and hemorheological abnormalities, increased blood lipid, and enhanced blood coagulation are the main risk factors.
Due to the impact of hemorheological abnormalities on cerebrovascular diseases, clinical physicians have advocated the reduction of blood viscosity in recent years. For example, methods such as blood dilution, plasma exchange, and the use of drugs such as low molecular weight dextran, snake venom preparations, etc., to reduce red blood cell aggregation; the use of cyclic triglycerides, such as cinnarizine, to enhance red blood cell deformability; and the use of aspirin, dipyridamole, etc., to reduce platelet aggregation have achieved certain clinical effects.
